There are many possible causes of shoulder pain which can benefit from physiotherapy. Some common causes include:

1. Rotator cuff injuries: The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that surround the shoulder joint. Injury to these muscles and tendons can cause pain and weakness in the shoulder.

2. Frozen shoulder: Also known as adhesive capsulitis, this condition causes stiffness and pain in the shoulder joint, making it difficult to move the arm.

3. Tendinitis: Tendinitis is inflammation of a tendon, which can cause pain and stiffness in the shoulder.

4. Bursitis: Bursitis is inflammation of a fluid-filled sac called the bursa, which cushions the joint. Bursitis can cause pain and swelling in the shoulder.

5. Arthritis: Arthritis can cause pain, stiffness, and swelling in the shoulder joint.

6. Shoulder impingement syndrome: This condition occurs when the rotator cuff muscles become compressed against the bones of the shoulder, causing pain and inflammation.

7. Shoulder dislocation: A dislocated shoulder occurs when the upper arm bone pops out of the shoulder socket, causing pain and instability.

8. Fracture: A broken bone in the shoulder can cause pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the arm.

9. Pinched nerves: Pinched nerves in the neck or shoulder can cause pain and numbness in the shoulder and arm.

10. Calcific tendinitis is a common condition that affects the shoulder, and it typically causes sudden onset of pain and stiffness in the shoulder, particularly when lifting the arm.